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Tuesday, 05 May 2009
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Currently
Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew
By Bart D. Ehrman
see relatedHopefully the first in a new sequence of posts...
I am not even going to comment on my sense of time :)
Suffice it to say that things got busy and life happened. However, work has cleared up for the near term and I am working on my thesis again. By the way, for those who know me, are interested, and are not in the know... My family and I are no longer using Missouri time as our primary reference. We have relocated to Northern Virginia in the D.C. Metro region.
Now to pick up where things left off... I promised pictures of my trip to Aleppo and a few are now available. I'll try and add some every time I post. Today there are several pictures from the city of Palmyra. You can view them by going to my Albums or Pictures sections. I will include here the picture that looks over the city:
I promised my own translation of Aphrahat's words concerning the descensus ad inferos and am providing it now. This may seem a little stiff, but I am intentionally providing a fairly literal translation (especially with the verbs and verb tenses) so that a few points that I will want to discuss later are exposed. I have taken some liberty and replaced some of the pronouns with the appropriate actors (Death and Jesus) to help clarify the text.And also the Prophet Isaiah said that "Your dead shall live and their corpses shall rise. The ones lying in the dust shall be aroused and they will praise you." When Death heard all this, wonder seized him and he sat himself[down] in mourning. When Jesus the Slayer of Death came, He clothed Himself with a body from the seed of Adam and was crucified in the body and experienced death. When Death sensed that He had descended and was with him, he trembled from his place and was disturbed that he saw Jesus. He closed his gates and did not desire to receive Him. Then Jesus broke his gates and entered in with him. He began seizing all Death's possessions. When the dead saw the Light in the darkness they lifted up their heads from Death's captivity. They looked and saw the splendor of Messiah the King. Then the powers of his darkness sat down in mourning that Death was humiliated from his rule. Death tasted the poison, his murderer. He loosed his hands and knew that the dead are living and escaping from his subjugation. When Jesus oppressed Death with the despoliation/robbery of his possessions, Death lamented and cried out with his voice while he was bitter and said, "Go from my place and do not enter into it." While Death was crying out weakly, he saw that his darkness had come to an end and it was being abolished and [that] some of the righteous who were sleeping rose to ascend with Him. Jesus informed Death that when He came at the completion of time all the imprisoned would be brought forth from his rule. They will come out toward Him to see the light. At that time, when Jesus fulfilled His ministry among the dead, Death ejected Him from his place because he could not endure that He should be there. [For] He was not sweet smelling food for him like all the [other] dead. He did not have power over the Holy One and He was not given [over] to destruction. After Death allowed escape and He came out from his place, He left toward him a poison, the promise of life. So that gradually his power shall be diminished. In the likeness of a man who takes a deadly poison with food which gives life. After he sensed within himself/his spirit the poison of death he received with [the] food, then he vomits from his abdomen the food that is mixed with the deadly poison. But the poison has left its power in his limbs so that gradually the stability of the body shall be dissolved and destroyed. [So also] Jesus brought the abolishment of Death, that in Him is the promise of life and in Him is the destruction of death. [So] that it is said concerning Death, "Where is your victory?" Aphrahat, Demonstrations 22:3-5.
Some of the things I want to muse or discuss: Did Aphrahat see the resurrection of the dead as a resurrection of the righteous with Him and the rest of the dead at a single later point in time? Some of the righteous with Him and the other righteous at a single later point in time? Some of the righteous with Him and a continuous resurrection of the remaining dead (or maybe just the remaining righteous dead) until the end of times when those still remaining would be resurrected. Was Death a personage or is this an extended metaphor (I'll have to bring in other references to help sort that one out)? Where Death and Satan the same personage (Again, I'll have to bring in other texts)? Who were the "powers of his darkness," the ones who mourned the passing of Death's power (yet more texts will need to be brought in for this question)?
Thursday, 01 March 2007
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Probably the last post before I come home saturday...
Well, I haven't posted in almost two weeks. The class has been over for about eight days, however I am continuing private lessons with Malphono Abrohom Nouro. I spent three days very sick and in bed but have been over that for several days.
On Monday, Simon, Farhad (a friend of his), and I went to Palmyra. An entire ruined 3c Aramean city. The Temple of Bel was HUGE, as was the colonnaded street. It was several hundred meters long and many of the columns that lined the street contained inscriptions in both Greek and Palmyran (an Aramaic dialect).
I spent tuesday kind of resting, studying, and taking additional lessons since we exerted ourselves at Palmyra and it had been my first day out of bed. Wednesday I spent the day shopping and picture taking at the Souqs (ie, the largest "indoor shopping mall" in the middle-east and maybe the world). Today was the day to tour as many churches within an easy walk of my flat and take pictures inside and out. Tomorrow I will do the same throughout Aleppo, or at least the Jdeide or Christian quarter. The main reason I am limiting myself to there is mainly because it is so large that I can get most of the pictures I want, and the Souqs were oustide and so I already have pictures from there. I may also try a turkish bath if I can find one open tomorrow.
I leave for home Saturday at 9:50am Aleppo time, transfer in London, Chicago, and my wife picks me up in St. Louis after 9pm Saturday night Missouri time. That makes for about twenty hours of travel...I should have some pictures up within a week and I will start writing more about my thesis project and Aphrahat.
In the meantime, read the last post I made on the Harrowing of Hell or the Storming of Sheol and see if any of the questions I raise are interesting enough to discuss. Also, just to maybe get things sparked a little and going, here is what Aphrahat had to say, and if you remember, I said that he tends to strictly use the biblical texts without brining in any other material except his own deductions:
You can read online here http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf213.iii.ix.x.html or in the quote below. I will put my own translation online later:
Again the Prophet Isaiah also said:—Thy dead shall live, and their dead bodies shall rise again; and the sleepers of the dust shall be awakened, and shall glorify Thee. When Death heard all these things, amazement seized him, and he sat him down in mourning. And when Jesus, the slayer of Death, came, and clothed Himself in a Body from the seed of Adam, and was crucified in His Body, and tasted death; and when (Death) perceived thereby that He had come down unto him, he was shaken from his place and was agitated when he saw Jesus; and he closed his gates and was not willing to receive Him. Then He burst his gates, and entered into him, and began to despoil all his possessions. But when the dead saw light in the darkness, they lifted up their heads from the bondage of death, and looked forth, and saw the splendour of the King Messiah. Then the powers of the darkness of Death sat in mourning, for he was degraded from his authority. Death tasted the medicine that was deadly to him, and his hands dropped down, and he learned that the dead shall live and escape from his sway. And when He had afflicted Death by the despoiling of his possessions, he wailed and cried aloud in bitterness and said, “Go forth from my realm and enter it not. Who then is this that comes in alive into my realm?” And while Death was crying out in terror (for he saw that his darkness was beginning to be done away, and some of the righteous who were sleeping arose to ascend with Him), then He made known to him that when He shall come in the fulness of time, He will bring forth all the prisoners from his power, and they shall go forth to see the light. Then when Jesus had fulfilled His ministry amongst the dead, Death sent Him forth from his realm, and suffered Him not to remain there. And to devour Him like all the dead, he counted it not pleasure. He had no power over the Holy One, nor was He given over to corruption. And when he had eagerly sent Him forth and He had come forth from his realm, He left with him, as a poison, the promise of life; that by little and little his power should be done away. Even as when a man has taken a poison in the food which is given for (the support of) life, when he perceives in himself that he has received poison in the food, then he casts up again from his belly the food in which poison was mingled; but the drug leaves its power in his limbs, so that by little and little the structure of his body is dissolved and corrupted. So Jesus dead was the bringer to nought of Death; for through Him life is made to reign, and through Him Death is abolished, to whom it is said:—O Death, where is thy victory?
Have fun... I am :)
Saturday, 17 February 2007
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Still out of the country...
Well, it looks like I'll be able to post a couple of times while I'm in Aleppo. Yesterday was the one day during the two week course that we got off. We spent it touring 4-6th century CE churches. The highlight of the day was a visit to the Church of St. Simeon. For those who don't know of St. Simeon, he was a 5th C ascetic monk. When I say ascetic I mean he was a REAL ascetic. Simeon became a monk and then spent much time trying to get farther and farther from people in order to be closer to God. Finally he ended up spending about 37 years sitting on top of a pillar. This has the unfortunate side effect of making him somewhat of a celebrity and people from all over Christendom came to see the monk. After he died, the Church was built around the pillar upon which he sat. This was the largest Christian church in existence until the Hadia Sophia in Constantinople was built. It rivaled most if not all of the great cathedrals of the middle ages. The church had four wings in a cross shape centered around the pillar, a side chapel for the monks, a monastery, a chapel for baptisms and the instruction of non-christians, and facilities for pilgrims visiting the site. The site is really beautiful and fairly well preserved. Several inscriptions can be found in both Greek and Syriac.
The food is wonderful here. For those who know me personally, and have been to our house for the Saturday night dinner for college students, know that I enjoy middle eastern cooking. I get up each morning to a breakfast of flat bread, olives, jam, cheese, and butter. A standard breakfast for many in Syria. Then sometime around 6-7pm I eat dinner. Most of the time I get a Falafel sandwich ($0.30) , Schwarma sandwich ($1), treat myself to a Schwarma platter with a drink ($3). On two ocassions (tonight was one) I have treated myself to dinner and it was always under $10. Once was at a five star restaraunt.
Well, got to go now, need to pick up laundry and treat some suite mates to Baklava.
Thursday, 08 February 2007
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Away Studying...
Well, we got back from vacation, school started, and I had a busier semester than I have ever had. The semester is over and I am again working on the thesis. Thus, posts should become frequent again. The only thing preventing new posts is that, in order to help better prepare me for workig on this thesis, I am currently in Aleppo, Syria studying the Syriac language. I will probably not post again until I get back on March 3. At that time expect a deviation from my previous posts and I will write some abut my trip.
God Bless...
Sunday, 06 August 2006
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Vacation
I was hoping to get another post before we left on vacation, but wasn't able to make it. I will post some more of Aphrahat and the Descensus ad Inferos or the "Harrowing of Hell" when we get back. Expect it around August 16-18. Well, off to the wonderful world of God's creation... The Colorado Rockies...
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